<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<metadata>
	<idinfo>
		<citation>
			<citeinfo>
				<origin>Comprehensive Coastal Inventory, Virginia Institute of Marine Science</origin>
				<pubdate>2008</pubdate>
				<title>Eastern Shore Hard Clam Aquaculture Vulnerability</title>
				<geoform Sync="TRUE">vector digital data</geoform>
				<pubinfo>
					<pubplace>Gloucester Point, Virginia</pubplace>
					<publish>Virginia Institute of Marine Science</publish>
				</pubinfo>
				<ftname Sync="TRUE">eshhclam_polygon</ftname><onlink Sync="TRUE">\\139.70.26.249\files\cci\new_aquacult_models\models2006\final_shapefiles\eshhclam_polygon.shp</onlink></citeinfo>
		</citation>
		<descript>
			<abstract>
Aquaculture is an environmentally sensitive industry which requires good water quality for successful growth and distribution for human consumption.   Threats to water quality are caused largely by land use practices.  In Virginia, development and agricultural practices present the greatest threats.  In the future, the potential conversion of land uses through regulated zoning at the local level poses a significant risk to the future of aquaculture in Virginia.  This is particularly true on the Eastern Shore of Virginia which boasts a multi-million dollar shellfish growing industry that surpasses all other on the eastern seaboard.

This study uses Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to model risks to shellfish aquaculture in Accomack, Northampton, and Gloucester Counties.  The model first considers basic physical and biological conditions necessary for aquaculture success and second, the impacts that current land use and proposed local zoning has on suitable growing areas.   The study uses data available from federal, state, and local government sources to derive salinity, bathymetry, submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) distribution, water quality, land use, and local zoning.  A vulnerability index is scaled to reflect current and projected conditions and the resulting impact to shellfish growing.
</abstract>
			<purpose>To determine suitable areas for oyster and hard clam aquaculture.</purpose>
			<langdata Sync="TRUE">en</langdata></descript>
		<timeperd>
			<timeinfo>
				<rngdates>
					<begdate>1997</begdate>
					<enddate>present</enddate>
				</rngdates>
			</timeinfo>
			<current>ground condition</current>
		</timeperd>
		<status>
			<progress>Complete</progress>
			<update>None planned</update>
		</status>
		<keywords>
			<theme>
				<themekt>none</themekt>
				<themekey>aquaculture</themekey>
				<themekey>oyster</themekey>
				<themekey>hardclam</themekey>
			</theme>
			<place>
				<placekt>none</placekt>
				<placekey>Chesapeake Bay</placekey>
				<placekey>Eastern Shore</placekey>
				<placekey>Accomack County</placekey>
				<placekey>Northampton County</placekey>
			</place>
		</keywords>
		<accconst>none</accconst>
		<useconst>These data provide general condition or status information. These data have not been surveyed to property boundaries, public or private leases.</useconst>
		<ptcontac>
			<cntinfo>
				<cntperp>
					<cntper>Marcia Berman</cntper>
					<cntorg>Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS)</cntorg>
				</cntperp>
				<cntpos>Director Comprehensive Coastal Inventory Program</cntpos>
				<cntaddr>
					<addrtype>mailing address</addrtype>
					<address>P.O. Box 1346</address>
					<city>Gloucester Point</city>
					<state>Virginia</state>
					<postal>23062</postal>
					<country>USA</country>
				</cntaddr>
				<cntvoice>(804) 684-7188</cntvoice>
				<cntfax>(804) 684-7179</cntfax>
				<cntemail>marcia@vims.edu</cntemail>
			</cntinfo>
		</ptcontac>
		<native Sync="TRUE">Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.2.4.1420</native>
		<spdom><bounding><westbc Sync="TRUE">-76.139954</westbc><eastbc Sync="TRUE">-75.164065</eastbc><northbc Sync="TRUE">38.042285</northbc><southbc Sync="TRUE">37.002573</southbc></bounding><lboundng><leftbc Sync="TRUE">399963.613577</leftbc><rightbc Sync="TRUE">485403.613577</rightbc><bottombc Sync="TRUE">4095748.565977</bottombc><topbc Sync="TRUE">4210519.750000</topbc></lboundng></spdom><natvform Sync="TRUE">Shapefile</natvform></idinfo>
	<dataqual>
		<attracc>
			<attraccr>Assumptions were made that all data used to produce this coverage were accurate.</attraccr>
		</attracc>
		<logic>Polygons contain only one label.</logic>
		<complete>The oyster and hard clam aquaculture vulnerability model was run for Gloucester, Accomack, and Northampton Counties.</complete>
		<posacc>
			<horizpa>
				<horizpar>The positional accuracy of the data is dependent upon the accuracy of the initial coverages.</horizpar>
			</horizpa>
		</posacc>
		<lineage>
			<srcinfo>
				<srccite>
					<citeinfo>
						<origin>Virginia Institute of Marine Science</origin>
						<pubdate>2006</pubdate>
						<title>2005 Chesapeake Bay SAV Coverage</title>
						<geoform>digital data</geoform>
						<pubinfo>
							<pubplace>Gloucester Point, Virginia</pubplace>
							<publish>Virginia Institute of Marine Science</publish>
						</pubinfo>
					</citeinfo>
				</srccite>
				<typesrc>digital data</typesrc>
				<srctime>
					<timeinfo>
						<rngdates>
							<begdate>20050608</begdate>
							<enddate>20060208</enddate>
						</rngdates>
					</timeinfo>
					<srccurr>ground condition</srccurr>
				</srctime>
				<srccitea>SAV</srccitea>
				<srccontr>Location of SAV beds.</srccontr>
			</srcinfo>
			<srcinfo>
				<srccite>
					<citeinfo>
						<origin>U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)</origin>
						<pubdate>20030901</pubdate>
						<title>National Land Cover Database Zone 60 Land Cover Layer</title>
						<geoform>raster digital data</geoform>
						<pubinfo>
							<pubplace>Sioux Falls, SD USA</pubplace>
							<publish>U.S. Geological Survey</publish>
						</pubinfo>
					</citeinfo>
				</srccite>
				<typesrc>digital data</typesrc>
				<srctime>
					<timeinfo>
						<rngdates>
							<begdate>19990705</begdate>
							<enddate>20010405</enddate>
						</rngdates>
					</timeinfo>
					<srccurr>ground condition</srccurr>
				</srctime>
				<srccitea>NLCD01</srccitea>
				<srccontr>2001 land use/land cover</srccontr>
			</srcinfo>
			<srcinfo>
				<srccite>
					<citeinfo>
						<origin>Chesapeake Bay Program, Annapolis, Maryland</origin>
						<pubdate>2000</pubdate>
						<title>Chesapeake Bay Salinity (1986-2000)</title>
						<geoform>vector digital data</geoform>
					</citeinfo>
				</srccite>
				<typesrc>e-mail</typesrc>
				<srctime>
					<timeinfo>
						<rngdates>
							<begdate>1986</begdate>
							<enddate>2000</enddate>
						</rngdates>
					</timeinfo>
					<srccurr>ground condition</srccurr>
				</srctime>
				<srccitea>SAL</srccitea>
				<srccontr>provided bay wide salinity values</srccontr>
			</srcinfo>
			<srcinfo>
				<srccite>
					<citeinfo>
						<origin>Chesapeake Bay Program, Annapolis, Maryland</origin>
						<pubdate>unpublished</pubdate>
						<title>Chesapeake Bay Spring Salinity (1997-2007)</title>
						<geoform>vector digital data</geoform>
					</citeinfo>
				</srccite>
				<typesrc>e-mail</typesrc>
				<srctime>
					<timeinfo>
						<rngdates>
							<begdate>1987</begdate>
							<enddate>2007</enddate>
						</rngdates>
					</timeinfo>
					<srccurr>ground condition</srccurr>
				</srctime>
				<srccitea>SPRSAL</srccitea>
				<srccontr>provided bay wide spring salinity values</srccontr>
			</srcinfo>
			<srcinfo>
				<srccite>
					<citeinfo>
						<origin>Virginia Department of Health, Division of Shellfish Sanitation</origin>
						<pubdate>Unpublished Material</pubdate>
						<title>Shellfish Condemnation Zones</title>
						<pubinfo>
							<pubplace>Richmond, Virginia, USA</pubplace>
							<publish>Virginia Department of Health, Division of Shellfish Sanitation</publish>
						</pubinfo>
					</citeinfo>
				</srccite>
				<typesrc>digital data</typesrc>
				<srctime>
					<timeinfo>
						<sngdate>
							<caldate>June 2006</caldate>
						</sngdate>
					</timeinfo>
				</srctime>
				<srccitea>CONDM</srccitea>
				<srccontr>shellfish condemnation zones</srccontr>
			</srcinfo>
			<srcinfo>
				<srccite>
					<citeinfo>
						<origin>Gloucester County, Virginia</origin>
						<pubdate>2006</pubdate>
						<title>Gloucester County Zoning 2006</title>
						<pubinfo>
							<pubplace>Gloucester, Virginia</pubplace>
							<publish>Gloucester County</publish>
						</pubinfo>
					</citeinfo>
				</srccite>
				<typesrc>digital data</typesrc>
				<srctime>
					<timeinfo>
						<rngdates>
							<begdate>unknown</begdate>
							<enddate>unknown</enddate>
						</rngdates>
					</timeinfo>
				</srctime>
				<srccitea>GC_ZONE</srccitea>
				<srccontr>zoning information</srccontr>
			</srcinfo>
			<srcinfo>
				<srccite>
					<citeinfo>
						<origin>Northampton County, Virginia</origin>
						<pubdate>2006</pubdate>
						<title>Northampton County Zoning 2006</title>
						<pubinfo>
							<pubplace>Eastville, Virginia</pubplace>
							<publish>Northampton County</publish>
						</pubinfo>
					</citeinfo>
				</srccite>
				<typesrc>digital data</typesrc>
				<srctime>
					<timeinfo>
						<rngdates>
							<begdate>unknown</begdate>
							<enddate>unknown</enddate>
						</rngdates>
					</timeinfo>
				</srctime>
				<srccitea>NTHMPTN_ZONE</srccitea>
				<srccontr>zoning information</srccontr>
			</srcinfo>
			<srcinfo>
				<srccite>
					<citeinfo>
						<origin>Accomack County, Virginia</origin>
						<pubdate>unknown</pubdate>
						<title>Accomack County Zoning</title>
						<pubinfo>
							<pubplace>Accomac, Virginia</pubplace>
							<publish>Accomack County</publish>
						</pubinfo>
					</citeinfo>
				</srccite>
				<typesrc>digital data</typesrc>
				<srctime>
					<timeinfo>
						<rngdates>
							<begdate>unknown</begdate>
							<enddate>unknown</enddate>
						</rngdates>
					</timeinfo>
				</srctime>
				<srccitea>ACC_ZONE</srccitea>
				<srccontr>zoning information</srccontr>
			</srcinfo>
			<srcinfo>
				<srccite>
					<citeinfo>
						<origin>Virginia Dept. of Conservation and Recreation - DSWC</origin>
						<pubdate>20040816</pubdate>
						<title>Virginia's Jurisdiction Boundaries</title>
						<pubinfo>
							<pubplace>Richmond, Virginia</pubplace>
							<publish>Virginia DCR-DSWC</publish>
						</pubinfo>
					</citeinfo>
				</srccite>
				<typesrc>digital data</typesrc>
				<srctime>
					<timeinfo>
						<rngdates>
							<begdate>20010801</begdate>
						</rngdates>
					</timeinfo>
				</srctime>
				<srccitea>VACNTY04</srccitea>
				<srccontr>county boundaries</srccontr>
			</srcinfo>
			<srcinfo>
				<srccite>
					<citeinfo>
						<origin>Chesapeake Bay Program, Annapolis, Maryland</origin>
						<pubdate>1997</pubdate>
						<title>One and Two Meter Low Water Contours of the Chesapeake Bay</title>
						<geoform>vector digital data</geoform>
						<pubinfo>
							<pubplace>Annapolis, Maryland</pubplace>
							<publish>Chesapeake Bay Program</publish>
						</pubinfo>
					</citeinfo>
				</srccite>
				<typesrc>CDROM</typesrc>
				<srctime>
					<timeinfo>
						<rngdates>
							<begdate>1859</begdate>
							<enddate>1993</enddate>
						</rngdates>
					</timeinfo>
					<srccurr>soundings referenced to low water</srccurr>
				</srctime>
				<srccitea>BATH</srccitea>
				<srccontr>provided shallow water delineation</srccontr>
			</srcinfo>
			<srcinfo>
				<srccite>
					<citeinfo>
						<origin>Comprehensive Coastal Inventory Program, Virginia Institute of Marine Science</origin>
						<pubdate>1991</pubdate>
						<title>Mean High Water Shoreline Position, Virginia</title>
						<geoform>vector digital data</geoform>
						<pubinfo>
							<pubplace>Gloucester Point, Virginia</pubplace>
							<publish>Virginia Institute of Marine Science</publish>
						</pubinfo>
					</citeinfo>
				</srccite>
				<srcscale>24000</srcscale>
				<typesrc>mylar</typesrc>
				<srctime>
					<timeinfo>
						<rngdates>
							<begdate>1964</begdate>
							<enddate>1987</enddate>
						</rngdates>
					</timeinfo>
				</srctime>
				<srccitea>SHL</srccitea>
				<srccontr>Digital shoreline serves as the basemap.</srccontr>
			</srcinfo>
			<procstep>
				<procdesc>Tidal water shoreline for Virginia (SHL) was unioned with bathymetry data (BATH) to produce a polygon coverage of bathymetry and land.</procdesc>
				<procdate>2002</procdate>
			</procstep>
			<procstep>
				<procdesc>The salinity data obtained from the Chesapeake Bay Program (SAL) was unioned with the shoreline coverage (SHL). Areas where the salinity didn't match our shoreline were cleaned up manually.</procdesc>
				<procdate>2003</procdate>
			</procstep>
			<procstep>
				<procdesc>Processing for the aquaculture models took place using ArcInfo Workstation version 9.2. Three arc macro language (aml) programs (newmodels07.aml, nearprocess.aml, and point_anal.aml) were written to complete the analysis. The majority of the data processing tasks involved finding the predominant land use and zoning within a 150m buffer inland of the shoreline. The dominant land use and zoning was transferred to the water and overlayed with salinity, bathymetry, condemnation zones, and SAV.</procdesc>
				<procdate>2007</procdate>
			</procstep>
			<procstep>
				<procdesc>All data sets (SHL, CONDM, SAV, NLCD01, SAL, BATH, and zoning) were clipped to the study area boundary.</procdesc>
				<procdate>2007</procdate>
			</procstep>
			<procstep>
				<procdesc>Land use classification was condensed as follows: pasture/hay and cultivated crops became "agriculture"; developed open, developed low, developed medium, and developed high became "developed"; evergreen forest, deciduous forest, and mixed forest were grouped as "forest"; and the remaining land use categories (water, barren land, woody and emergent wetlands, scrub-shrub, and grassland) were not changed.</procdesc>
				<procdate>2007</procdate>
			</procstep>
			<procstep>
				<procdesc>Tidal waters from the SHL coverage were combined with the water land use from NLCD01 to create a "new_water" coverage. This coverage was converted to a grid (10m pixel size) and then converted to a point coverage. Points not associated with water were deleted.</procdesc>
				<procdate>2007</procdate>
			</procstep>
			<procstep>
				<procdesc>The new water polygon coverage was buffered 2m, 30m, and 150m. The upland arc of the 2m buffer became the new shoreline for processing dominant land use and dominant zoning to the water for use in the aquaculture model. Any forest or woody wetlands land use along the 2m buffer line was coded as a forest buffer. Arcs coded as water or having an empty land use value were deleted.  The 150m buffer was combined with the land use and the new water coverages. Only land use within the 150m buffer was retained.</procdesc>
				<procdate>2007</procdate>
			</procstep>
			<procstep>
				<procdesc>The 150m buffer was combined with the land use (polygon and point coverages) and the new_water coverages. Only land use within the 150m buffer was retained.</procdesc>
				<procdate>2007</procdate>
			</procstep>
			<procstep>
				<procdesc>The 150m buffer was also combined with the zoning coverage for the study area. Zoning outside the 150m buffer was excluded. A rating was assigned to each zoning classification based on professional opinion of the zone's potential affect on adjacent aquaculture (where A = good and D = bad or 1 = good and 4 = bad. See below). The zoning shoreline did not match the new water shoreline, thus there were occasional gaps with no data in the buffer area. To fill the gaps, the polygon coverage was converted to a raster and the "nibble" command in ArcInfo GRID was used to replace the no data cells with the values of the nearest neighbor.</procdesc>
				<procdate>2007</procdate>
			</procstep>
			<procstep>
				<procdesc>The study area was divided into smaller sections for ease of processing the "near" command used in the program nearprocess.aml (called by newmodels07.aml). For each portion of the study area, the appropriate land use buffer, shoreline, land use, and zoning coverages were clipped. The "near" command was run to associate the land use points within the 150m buffer to the new shoreline arcs described above. ("NEAR computes the distance from each point to the nearest arc, point, or node in another coverage. The distance and the internal number of the closest feature are saved as new items in the input coverage's feature attribute table" ArcInfo help). The attributes of the shoreline arcs were joined to the land use points based on the near cover's internal number. The same process was performed for zoning.</procdesc>
				<procdate>2007</procdate>
			</procstep>
			<procstep>
				<procdesc>Nearprocess.aml calls point_anal.aml to analyze the points tied to each arc segment and determine the primary land use for that arc segment. Land use values were lumped into two groups: natural (includes forest, wetlands, shrub-shrub, and barren) and developed (includes agriculture, grassland, and developed). Primary land use for each shoreline arc was determined by using frequencies and percentages. An arc segment with a predominant land use of 'natural' was coded dominant_lu = 'natural'; a predominant land use of developed with a forest buffer was coded dominant_lu = 'developed-fb' (with forest buffer); and a predominant land use of developed but no forest buffer was coded dominant_lu = 'developed'.</procdesc>
				<procdate>2007</procdate>
			</procstep>
			<procstep>
				<procdesc>To transfer the dominant_lu and dominant zoning attributes from the shoreline arcs to the water points, the "near" command followed by a "joinitem" command was used. The water points were then converted to a grid, then back to a polygon coverage.</procdesc>
				<procdate>2007</procdate>
			</procstep>
			<procstep>
				<procdesc>The smaller study area sections containing the newly coded water for zoning and dominant land use where put back together into one coverage for land use in the water and one coverage for zoning in the water.</procdesc>
				<procdate>2007</procdate>
			</procstep>
			<procstep>
				<procdesc>To prevent the occurrence of sliver polygons in the final steps of the aquaculture model (a result of combining an angular polygon coverage with a smooth polygon coverage), the water land use and water zoning coverages were unioned with the new water coverage.  The labels from sliver polygons were selected and saved in a point coverage. "Near" and "joinitem" commands were used to find the nearest zoning and dominant land use with which to label each sliver polygon.</procdesc>
				<procdate>2007</procdate>
			</procstep>
			<procstep>
				<procdesc>The final clipped and processed datasets were combined (salinity, land use, bathymetry, condemned areas, SAV, and zoning) to produce coverages for hard clam and oyster aquaculture. The model criteria that were applied are shown in the next steps.</procdesc>
				<procdate>2007</procdate>
			</procstep>
			<procstep>
				<procdesc>The hard clam aquaculture model was modified by adding the average spring salinity. Spring salinity values were only available in the Chesapeake Bay.  Average salinity was substituted for the spring salinity on the oceanside of the Eastern Shore. The model criteria were applied in the next step.</procdesc>
				<procdate>2008</procdate>
			</procstep>
			<procstep>
				<procdesc>
Criteria for the hard clam aquaculture vulnerability index model:
Areas with "Risk Level 0 - no current or impending threats" for hard clam aquaculture are where there is no SAV; average spring salinity is greater than or equal to 20 ppt; there are no condemnation restrictions; dominant land use is natural; and bathymetry is less than or equal to 2m. Zoning with a rating of B will increase the vulnerability index to "Risk Level 1 - minimal risk". Zoning with C or D ratings will increase the vulnerability index to "Risk Level 3 - future H2O quality concerns possible".

Areas with "Risk Level 1 - minimal risk" for hard clam aquaculture are those where there is no SAV; average spring salinity is greater than or equal to 15 ppt; there are no condemnation restrictions; dominant land use is developed with forest buffer or natural; and bathymetry is less than or equal to 2m. Zoning modifies the vulnerability index to "Risk Level 3 - future H2O quality concerns possible" if it is classed as B, C, or D.

Areas with "Risk Level 2 - existing H2O quality concerns" are those where there is no SAV; average spring salinity is greater than or equal to 15 ppt; waters are condemned or seasonally condemned, or open; dominant land use is developed, developed with forest buffer, or natural; and water depth is no greater than 2m. Zoning will modify the score to "Risk Level 3 - future H2O quality concerns possible" if zoning is rated a C or a D.

Areas with "Risk Level 4 - ecological use conflicts present" for hard clam aquaculture are areas with SAV or where the average spring salinity is &lt; 15 ppt or where aquaculture is prohibited.
</procdesc>
				<procdate>2008</procdate>
			</procstep>
			<procstep>
				<procdesc>
Criteria for the oyster aquaculture vulnerability index model:
Areas with "Risk Level 0 - no current or impending threats" for oyster aquaculture are where there is no SAV; average salinity is greater than or equal to 7 ppt; there are no condemnation restrictions; dominant land use is natural; and bathymetry is less than or equal to 2m.  Zoning with a rating of B will increase the vulnerability index to "Risk Level 1 - minimal risk". Zoning with C or D ratings will increase the vulnerability index to "Risk Level 3 - future H2O quality concerns possible".

Areas with "Risk Level 1 - minimal risk" for oyster aquaculture are those where there is no SAV; average salinity is greater than or equal to 7 ppt; there are no condemnation restrictions; dominant land use is developed with forest buffer; and bathymetry is less than or equal to 2m. Zoning modifies the vulnerability index to "Risk Level 3 - future H2O quality concerns possible" if it is classed as B, C, or D.

Areas with "Risk Level 2 - existing H2O quality concerns" are those where there is no SAV; average salinity is greater than or equal to 7 ppt; waters are condemned or seasonally condemned or open; dominant land use is developed, developed with forest buffer, or natural; and water depth is no greater than 2m. Zoning will modify the score to "Risk Level 3 - future H2O quality concerns possible" if zoning is rated a C or a D.

Areas with "Risk Level 4 - ecological use conflicts present" for oyster aquaculture are areas with SAV or the average salinity is &lt; 7 ppt or where aquaculture is prohibited.
</procdesc>
				<procdate>2007</procdate>
			</procstep>
			<procstep>
				<procdesc>Metadata imported.</procdesc>
				<srcused>C:\DOCUME~1\tamia\LOCALS~1\Temp\xml48A2.tmp</srcused>
			</procstep>
			<srcinfo><srccite><citeinfo><origin>Virginia Institute of Marine Science</origin><pubdate>200601</pubdate><title>SAV Sanctuary</title><pubinfo><pubplace>Gloucester Point, Virginia</pubplace><publish>Virginia Institute of Marine Science</publish></pubinfo><othercit>Original data is from the Virginia MArine Resource Commission. 2005. Virginia Fisheries Management Areas</othercit></citeinfo></srccite><typesrc>digital data</typesrc><srctime><timeinfo><sngdate><caldate>2005</caldate></sngdate></timeinfo><srccurr>publication date</srccurr></srctime><srccitea>SAVSANC</srccitea><srccontr>location of Chincoteague Bay SAV Sanctuary</srccontr></srcinfo></lineage>
	</dataqual>
	<spdoinfo>
		<direct Sync="TRUE">Vector</direct>
		<ptvctinf>
			<sdtsterm Name="eshhclam_polygon">
				<sdtstype Sync="TRUE">G-polygon</sdtstype>
				<ptvctcnt Sync="TRUE">438124</ptvctcnt>
			</sdtsterm>
			<esriterm Name="eshhclam_polygon"><efeatyp Sync="TRUE">Simple</efeatyp><efeageom Sync="TRUE">Polygon</efeageom><esritopo Sync="TRUE">FALSE</esritopo><efeacnt Sync="TRUE">438124</efeacnt><spindex Sync="TRUE">TRUE</spindex><linrefer Sync="TRUE">FALSE</linrefer></esriterm></ptvctinf>
	</spdoinfo>
	<eainfo>
		<detailed Name="eshhclam_polygon">
			<enttyp>
				<enttypl Sync="TRUE">eshhclam_polygon</enttypl>
				<enttypt Sync="TRUE">Feature Class</enttypt><enttypc Sync="TRUE">438124</enttypc></enttyp>
			<attr>
				<attrlabl>FID</attrlabl>
				<attrdef>Internal feature number.</attrdef>
				<attrdefs>ESRI</attrdefs>
				<attrdomv>
					<udom>Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.</udom>
				</attrdomv>
			</attr>
			<attr>
				<attrlabl>Shape</attrlabl>
				<attrdef>Feature geometry.</attrdef>
				<attrdefs>ESRI</attrdefs>
				<attrdomv>
					<udom>Coordinates defining the features.</udom>
				</attrdomv>
			</attr>
			<attr>
				<attrlabl>AREA</attrlabl>
				<attrtype Sync="TRUE">Float</attrtype><attwidth Sync="TRUE">19</attwidth><atnumdec Sync="TRUE">11</atnumdec></attr>
			<attr>
				<attrlabl>PERIMETER</attrlabl>
				<attrtype Sync="TRUE">Float</attrtype><attwidth Sync="TRUE">19</attwidth><atnumdec Sync="TRUE">11</atnumdec></attr>
			<attr>
				<attrlabl>COND_TYPE</attrlabl>
				<attrdef>condemnation type</attrdef>
				<attrdomv>
					<edom>
						<edomv>Condemned</edomv>
						<edomvd>restricted shellfish waters</edomvd>
					</edom>
					<edom>
						<edomv>Open</edomv>
						<edomvd>approved shellfish waters</edomvd>
					</edom>
					<edom>
						<edomv>Prohibited</edomv>
					</edom>
					<edom>
						<edomv>Prohibited-Nonproductive</edomv>
					</edom>
					<edom>
						<edomv>Seasonally Condemned</edomv>
					</edom>
				</attrdomv>
				<attrtype Sync="TRUE">String</attrtype><attwidth Sync="TRUE">25</attwidth></attr>
			<attr>
				<attrlabl>DENSITY</attrlabl>
				<attrdef>SAV bed density classification</attrdef>
				<attrdomv>
					<edom>
						<edomv>0</edomv>
						<edomvd>No SAV</edomvd>
					</edom>
					<edom>
						<edomv>1</edomv>
						<edomvd>0 - 10% cover (very sparse)</edomvd>
					</edom>
					<edom>
						<edomv>2</edomv>
						<edomvd>10 - 40% cover (sparse)</edomvd>
					</edom>
					<edom>
						<edomv>3</edomv>
						<edomvd>40 - 70% cover (moderate)</edomvd>
					</edom>
					<edom>
						<edomv>4</edomv>
						<edomvd>70 - 100% cover (dense)</edomvd>
					</edom>
				</attrdomv>
				<attrtype Sync="TRUE">Number</attrtype><attwidth Sync="TRUE">2</attwidth></attr>
			<attr>
				<attrlabl>AVG_SALINI</attrlabl>
				<attrdef>average salinity (parts per thousand - ppt)</attrdef>
				<attrtype Sync="TRUE">Float</attrtype><attwidth Sync="TRUE">19</attwidth><atnumdec Sync="TRUE">11</atnumdec></attr>
			<attr>
				<attrlabl>AVG_SPR_SA</attrlabl>
				<attrdef>average spring salinity (parts per thousand - ppt)</attrdef>
				<attrtype Sync="TRUE">String</attrtype><attwidth Sync="TRUE">10</attwidth></attr>
			<attr>
				<attrlabl>BATH</attrlabl>
				<attrdef>bathymetry</attrdef>
				<attrdomv>
					<edom>
						<edomv>land</edomv>
					</edom>
					<edom>
						<edomv>0.5m</edomv>
						<edomvd>bathymetry ranges from 0 to 0.5 meter</edomvd>
					</edom>
					<edom>
						<edomv>1m</edomv>
						<edomvd>bathymetry ranges from 0.5m to 1m</edomvd>
					</edom>
					<edom>
						<edomv>2m</edomv>
						<edomvd>bathymetry ranges from 1m to 2m</edomvd>
					</edom>
					<edom>
						<edomv>&gt;2m</edomv>
						<edomvd>bathymetry exceeds 2 meters</edomvd>
					</edom>
				</attrdomv>
				<attrtype Sync="TRUE">String</attrtype><attwidth Sync="TRUE">16</attwidth></attr>
			<attr>
				<attrlabl>DOMINANT_L</attrlabl>
				<attrdef>dominant landuse within 150 meters of shoreline</attrdef>
				<attrtype Sync="TRUE">String</attrtype><attwidth Sync="TRUE">4</attwidth></attr>
			<attr>
				<attrlabl>ZONE_RATE</attrlabl>
				<attrdef>A rating assigned to each zoning classification based upon professional opion of the zoing's potential affect on adjacent aquaculture.</attrdef>
				<attrdomv>
					<edom>
						<edomv>A</edomv>
						<edomvd>positive effect on aquaculture</edomvd>
					</edom>
					<edom>
						<edomv>B</edomv>
					</edom>
					<edom>
						<edomv>C</edomv>
					</edom>
					<edom>
						<edomv>D</edomv>
						<edomvd>possible detrimental affect on aquaculture</edomvd>
					</edom>
				</attrdomv>
				<attrtype Sync="TRUE">String</attrtype><attwidth Sync="TRUE">52</attwidth></attr>
			<attr>
				<attrlabl>HCLAMINDEX</attrlabl>
				<attrdef>Vulnerability index for Hard Clam Aquaculture</attrdef>
				<attrtype Sync="TRUE">Float</attrtype><attwidth Sync="TRUE">19</attwidth><atnumdec Sync="TRUE">11</atnumdec></attr>
			<attr>
				<attrlabl>DISPLAY</attrlabl>
				<attrtype Sync="TRUE">String</attrtype><attwidth Sync="TRUE">15</attwidth><attrdef>Hard Clam Aquaculture Vulnerability risk categories</attrdef></attr>
			<attr><attrlabl Sync="TRUE">TYPE</attrlabl><attalias Sync="TRUE">TYPE</attalias><attrtype Sync="TRUE">String</attrtype><attwidth Sync="TRUE">25</attwidth><attrdef>presence of SAV Sanctuary </attrdef></attr><attr><attrlabl Sync="TRUE">NAME</attrlabl><attalias Sync="TRUE">NAME</attalias><attrtype Sync="TRUE">String</attrtype><attwidth Sync="TRUE">50</attwidth><attrdef>SAV sanctuary description</attrdef></attr></detailed>
		<overview></overview>
	</eainfo>
	<distinfo>
		<distrib>
			<cntinfo>
				<cntorgp>
					<cntorg>Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS)</cntorg>
				</cntorgp>
				<cntpos>Director Comprehensive Coastal Inventory Program</cntpos>
				<cntaddr>
					<addrtype>mailing address</addrtype>
					<address>P.O. Box 1346</address>
					<city>Gloucester Point</city>
					<state>Virginia</state>
					<postal>23062</postal>
					<country>USA</country>
				</cntaddr>
				<cntvoice>(804) 684-7188</cntvoice>
				<cntemail>marcia@vims.edu</cntemail>
				<cntinst>Contact via email</cntinst>
			</cntinfo>
		</distrib>
		<resdesc>Downloadable Data</resdesc>
		<distliab>The Comprehensive Coastal Inventory Program (CCI) at VIMS performs a service by distributing data generated by either CCI or public agencies which offer data without restriction or charge. CCI assumes no responsibility for data accuracy or precision, metadata completeness or correctness for digital information. CCI assumes no liability for misuse of any data which may arise as a result of any alteration, conversion, or combination with other data sources. As well, the timeliness and scale of these products must be considered when evaluating appropriate use.</distliab>
		<stdorder><digform><digtinfo><transize Sync="TRUE">93.200</transize><dssize Sync="TRUE">93.200</dssize></digtinfo></digform></stdorder></distinfo>
	<metainfo>
		<metc>
			<cntinfo>
				<cntorgp>
					<cntorg>Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS)</cntorg>
					<cntper>Tamia Rudnicky</cntper>
				</cntorgp>
				<cntpos>GIS Programmer/Analyst</cntpos>
				<cntaddr>
					<addrtype>mailing address</addrtype>
					<address>P.O. Box 1346</address>
					<city>Gloucester Point</city>
					<state>Virginia</state>
					<postal>23062</postal>
					<country>USA</country>
				</cntaddr>
				<cntvoice>(804) 684-7181</cntvoice>
				<cntfax>(804) 684-7179</cntfax>
				<cntemail>tamia@vims.edu</cntemail>
			</cntinfo>
		</metc>
		<metstdn Sync="TRUE">FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata</metstdn>
		<metstdv Sync="TRUE">FGDC-STD-001-1998</metstdv>
		<mettc Sync="TRUE">local time</mettc>
		<langmeta Sync="TRUE">en</langmeta><metd Sync="TRUE">20080910</metd><metextns><onlink Sync="TRUE">http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html</onlink><metprof Sync="TRUE">ESRI Metadata Profile</metprof></metextns></metainfo>
	<Esri><MetaID>{9A76EAB7-676D-4C70-B569-F7B7230BB09A}</MetaID><CreaDate>20080909</CreaDate><CreaTime>14354700</CreaTime><SyncOnce>FALSE</SyncOnce><SyncDate>20080910</SyncDate><SyncTime>09400000</SyncTime><ModDate>20080910</ModDate><ModTime>09400000</ModTime></Esri><dataIdInfo><envirDesc Sync="TRUE">Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.2.4.1420</envirDesc><dataLang><languageCode Sync="TRUE" value="en"></languageCode></dataLang><idCitation><resTitle Sync="TRUE">eshhclam_polygon</resTitle><presForm><PresFormCd Sync="TRUE" value="005"></PresFormCd></presForm></idCitation><spatRpType><SpatRepTypCd Sync="TRUE" value="001"></SpatRepTypCd></spatRpType><dataExt><geoEle><GeoBndBox esriExtentType="native"><westBL Sync="TRUE">399963.613577</westBL><eastBL Sync="TRUE">485403.613577</eastBL><northBL Sync="TRUE">4210519.75</northBL><southBL Sync="TRUE">4095748.565977</southBL><exTypeCode Sync="TRUE">1</exTypeCode></GeoBndBox></geoEle></dataExt><geoBox esriExtentType="decdegrees"><westBL Sync="TRUE">-76.139954</westBL><eastBL Sync="TRUE">-75.164065</eastBL><northBL Sync="TRUE">38.042285</northBL><southBL Sync="TRUE">37.002573</southBL><exTypeCode Sync="TRUE">1</exTypeCode></geoBox></dataIdInfo><mdLang><languageCode Sync="TRUE" value="en"></languageCode></mdLang><mdStanName Sync="TRUE">ISO 19115 Geographic Information - Metadata</mdStanName><mdStanVer Sync="TRUE">DIS_ESRI1.0</mdStanVer><mdChar><CharSetCd Sync="TRUE" value="004"></CharSetCd></mdChar><mdHrLv><ScopeCd Sync="TRUE" value="005"></ScopeCd></mdHrLv><mdHrLvName Sync="TRUE">dataset</mdHrLvName><distInfo><distributor><distorTran><onLineSrc><orDesc Sync="TRUE">002</orDesc><linkage Sync="TRUE">file://\\139.70.26.249\files\cci\new_aquacult_models\models2006\final_shapefiles\eshhclam_polygon.shp</linkage><protocol Sync="TRUE">Local Area Network</protocol></onLineSrc><transSize Sync="TRUE">93.200</transSize></distorTran><distorFormat><formatName Sync="TRUE">Shapefile</formatName></distorFormat></distributor></distInfo><spref><horizsys><cordsysn><geogcsn Sync="TRUE">GCS_North_American_1983</geogcsn><projcsn Sync="TRUE">NAD_1983_UTM_Zone_18N</projcsn></cordsysn><planar><planci><plance Sync="TRUE">coordinate pair</plance><plandu Sync="TRUE">meters</plandu><coordrep><absres Sync="TRUE">0.000000</absres><ordres Sync="TRUE">0.000000</ordres></coordrep></planci><gridsys><gridsysn Sync="TRUE">Universal Transverse Mercator</gridsysn><utm><utmzone Sync="TRUE">18</utmzone><transmer><sfctrmer Sync="TRUE">0.999600</sfctrmer><longcm Sync="TRUE">-75.000000</longcm><latprjo Sync="TRUE">0.000000</latprjo><feast Sync="TRUE">500000.000000</feast><fnorth Sync="TRUE">0.000000</fnorth></transmer></utm></gridsys></planar><geodetic><horizdn Sync="TRUE">North American Datum of 1983</horizdn><ellips Sync="TRUE">Geodetic Reference System 80</ellips><semiaxis Sync="TRUE">6378137.000000</semiaxis><denflat Sync="TRUE">298.257222</denflat></geodetic></horizsys></spref><refSysInfo><RefSystem><refSysID><identCode Sync="TRUE">NAD_1983_UTM_Zone_18N</identCode></refSysID></RefSystem></refSysInfo><spatRepInfo><VectSpatRep><topLvl><TopoLevCd Sync="TRUE" value="001"></TopoLevCd></topLvl><geometObjs Name="eshhclam_polygon"><geoObjTyp><GeoObjTypCd Sync="TRUE" value="001"></GeoObjTypCd></geoObjTyp><geoObjCnt Sync="TRUE">438124</geoObjCnt></geometObjs></VectSpatRep></spatRepInfo><mdDateSt Sync="TRUE">20080910</mdDateSt></metadata>
