|
Living Shorelines: Plants for Salt Marshes and Upland Banks
Click on each habitat zone for native plants that could grow or could be planted there.
Plants for the Upland Bank - Salt Tolerant Native Plants for Upland Banks and Riparian Buffers (tolerates wind, airborne salt, salt in soil)
Deciduous Trees
Amelanchier canadensis |
Shadbush, serviceberry |
Celtis laevigatus |
Sugarberry |
Diospyros virginiana |
Persimmon |
Liquidambar styraciflua |
Sweet gum |
Nyssa sylvatica |
Black tupelo |
Prunus serotina |
Black cherry |
Quercus alba |
White oak |
Quercus phellos |
Willow oak |
Quercus rubra |
Red oak |
Quercus stellata |
Post oak |
Quercus virginiana |
Live oak |
Taxodium distichum |
Bald cypress |
Evergreen Trees
Ilex opaca
|
American holly |
Juniperus virginiana |
Eastern red cedar |
Magnolia virginiana |
Sweetbay magnolia |
Pinus taeda |
Loblolly pine |
Shrubs
Aronia arbutifolia
|
Red chokeberry |
Baccharis halimifolia |
Groundsel bush |
Clethra alnifolia |
Sweet pepperbush |
Ilex glabra |
Inkberry |
Ilex vomitoria |
Yaupon holly |
Iva frutescens |
Marsh elder |
Morella cerifera |
Wax Myrtle |
Morella heterophylla |
Southern Bayberry |
Morella pennsylvanica |
Northern Bayberry |
Prunus maritima |
Beach plum |
Rhus glabra |
Smooth sumac |
Sambucus nigra ssp. Canadensis |
Elderberry |
Vaccinium corymbosum |
Highbush blueberry |
Viburnum dentatum |
Arrowwood |
Grasses
Andropogon virginicus
|
Broomsedge |
Panicum virgatum 'Heavy Metal' |
Switch grass, tall |
Panicum virgatum 'Cloud Nine' |
Switch grass, short |
Panicum virgatum 'Rotstrahlbusch' |
Switch grass, red leaves |
Schizachyrium scoparium |
Little Blue Stem |
Spartina patens |
Saltmeadow hay |
Vines
Campsis radicans |
Trumpet creeper |
Celastrus scandens |
Bittersweet |
Clematis virginiana |
Virgins bower |
Lonicera sempervirens |
Coral honeysuckle |
Parthenocissus quinquefolia |
Virginia creeper |
Passiflora incarnata |
Passionflower |
Herbaceous
Aquilegia canadensis |
Columbine |
Aster novae-angliae |
New England aster |
Asclepias tuberosa |
Butterflyweed |
Echinacea purpurea |
Purple coneflower |
Hibiscus moscheutos |
Rose mallow |
Kosteletzkya virginica |
Seashore mallow |
Liatris pilosa v. pilosa (graminifolia) |
Grass-leaved blazing star |
Liatris squarrosa |
Blazing star |
Lupinus perennis |
Lupine |
Opuntia humifusa |
Prickly pear cactus |
Rosa carolina |
Carolina rose |
Rosa palustris |
Swamp rose |
Rudbeckia hirta |
Black-eyed susan |
Rudbeckia fulgida |
Orange coneflower |
Solidago sempervirens |
Seaside goldenrod |
Yucca filamentosa |
Common Yucca |
Upland Coastal Native Plants (need some protection from wind, salt spray)
Trees
Acer rubrum |
Red maple |
Carya alba |
Mockernut Hickory |
Carya glabra |
Pignut Hickory |
Cercis canadensis |
Eastern redbud |
Cornus florida |
Dogwood |
Magnolia grandiflora |
Southern magnolia |
Sassafras albidum |
Sassafras |
Ulmus americanus |
American elm |
Shrubs
Hamamelis virginiana
|
Witch hazel |
Ilex decidua |
Possumhaw |
Ilex verticillata |
Winterberry |
Rhus copallinum |
Winged Sumac |
Rhus hirta |
Staghorn Sumac |
Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis |
Elderberry |
Vaccinium corymbosum |
Highbush Blueberry |
Viburnum prunifolium |
Black haw, sweet haw |
Grasses
Bouteloua curtipendula
|
Sideoats Grama |
Chasmanthium latifolium |
River oats |
Dichanthelium commutatum |
Variable panic grass |
Muhlenbergia capillaris |
Gulf Muhly |
Panicum amarum |
Beach Panic Grass |
Schizachyrium scoparium |
Little Blue Stem |
Sorghastrum nutans |
Indian Grass |
Spartina patens |
Saltmeadow Hay |
Tridens flavus |
Redtop |
Vines
Bignonia capreolata |
Crossvine |
Gelsemium sempervirens |
Carolina jasmine |
Herbaceous
Aster novi-belgii |
New York aster |
Aster patens |
Late purple aster |
Baptisia australis |
Blue False Indigo |
Chrysopsis mariana |
Maryland Goldenaster |
Coreopsis lanceolata |
Lance-leaved Coreopsis |
Coreopsis tripteris |
Tall Coreopsis |
Coreopsis verticillata |
Coreopsis |
Echinacea pallida |
Pale purple coneflower |
Eupatorium coelestinum |
Mist flower |
Eupatorium perfoliatum |
Purple boneset |
Eupatorium purpureum |
Joe-pye-weed |
Helianthus giganteus |
Giant sunflower |
Heliopsis helianthoides |
Ox-eye |
Rudbeckia triloba |
Thin-leaved coneflower |
Sisiyrinchium angustifolium |
Blue-eyed grass (iris family) |
Solidago bicolor |
Silver-rod |
Solidago odora |
Sweet goldenrod |
Solidago rugosa |
Rough-stemmed goldenrod |
Solidago speciosa |
Showy Goldenrod |
Tidal Wetland and Beach / Dune Plants
Plants in this list can be used for marsh plantings or to stabilize tidal brackish or saltwater shorelines based on salinity and wetness tolerances. Check the salinity and moisture requirements for each plant so they will be planted in the appropriate conditions. Those species for use in salinity greater than 15 ppt are marked (*). (pdf version)
Low Marsh Herbaceous
Juncus roemerianus * |
Black needlerush |
Peltandra virginica |
Arrow arum |
Pontedaria cordata |
Pickerelweed |
Spartina alterniflora * |
Saltmarsh cordgrass |
Spartina cynosuroides |
Big cordgrass |
Schoenoplectus (Scirpus) pungens |
Three-square |
Schoenoplectus (Scirpus) robustus * |
Saltmarsh bulrush |
Schoenoplectus (Scirpus) validus |
Giant bulrush |
High Marsh Shrubs
Baccharis halimifolia *
|
Groundsel bush |
Iva frutescens * |
Marsh elder |
Morella (Myrica) cerifera * |
Wax myrtle |
Morella (Myrica) pensylvanica * |
Northern bayberry |
Beach/Dune Herbaceous
Ammophila breviligulata *
|
American beachgrass |
Panicum amarum * |
Bitter panicum |
Panicum virgatum * |
Switch grass |
Uniola paniculata * |
Sea oats |
Useful Plant Links
|
|
